Based on the classic reservation wage theory, this paper proposes the concept of reservation wage on platform and utilizes the carhailing platforms survey data to empirically investigate the impact and mechanism of heterogeneous work experience on reservation wages, and to examine the impact of the gig economy on the overall welfare rather than income of gig workers. The results reveal that the drivers who transferred from the laidoff and unemployed status have the lowest reservation wages. Coming from industries with excess capacity and having negative job search experience significantly reduce the reservation wages of the gig workers, and the former has a greater effect. Further, the risk attitude towards the platform and the degree of family support are important mechanisms, and the type of gig workers (survival or development) has a differentiating effect. Finally, the paper describes the gig workers' current status of labor supply and labor surplus. Based on this description, this paper discusses policy implications about helping gig workers transfer and improve employment quality.

This paper examines the basic demographic and labor supply characteristics of digital platform workers in China using drivers' survey data on U carhailing platform.A preliminary explanation of their differences in labor supply at the individual level is presented.The result shows that overall the platform workers do not provide a high level labor supply and their labor supply shows a dispersed distribution.There is also inconsistence in the distribution of labor supply intensity and labor supply continuity.Drivers' differences in education and hukou status can well explain their differences in labor supply intensity but fail to account for their differences in labor supply continuity on the platform.The competitive income on platform can well motivate drivers with lower education levels and non-local hukou,but it cannot explain the labor supply behavior of drivers with better education background.Digital platforms workers are featured by large internal heterogeneity.The issues of social risk bearing and social assimilation for digital platform workers call for more attention.

From the logical starting point of corresponding structure of the risk factors and protective factors and drawing on the perspective of resilience theory,this paper,by situating Left-behind Children and Migrant Children into the same analytical framework,found that the two groups of children,while unique,share more similarities.They both reside in a growth environment without certain protective factors,which enlarge the probability of risk factors.Based on the exploration of risk factors faced by Left-behind Children and Migrant Children,this paper proposes a policy orientation of "the maximum protection and minimum limits",which improves protective factors,and enhances risk prevention mechanisms by eliminating institutional barriers,and building family development capacity.

This paper summarizes basic features of China’s labor shortage,analyzes its sources,and proposes recommendations to deal with the shortage for the government and enterprises.Labor shortage might be allevated by reducing labor dependence through mechanization and automation,by cutting high labor costs through improving efficiency,and by decreasing staff turnover through management transformation.In order to promote enterprises’ upgrading transformation,the government shall accelerate regional industrial structure adjustment,strengthen vocational training of migrant workers,speed up the modernization of agriculture,provide migrant workers citizenship treatment,optimize employment services and labor market,and implement proactive fiscal and tax policies.